中国水资源利用发展趋势合理性分析

对我国水资源条件笔全国未来需水量变化趋势进行分析，按照供水和经济发展水平将全国划分为５个类型区，并探求它们的缺水性质，估测其远景需水量。我国的水资源总量虽可满足社会、经济可持续发展的需要，但前景不容乐观。解决的出路是合理开发、节约保护和优化配置水资源。     

泥石流泥沙体积浓度之研究

本研究系探讨泥石流先端部和整体平均 (包括先端部及后续水流 )泥沙体积浓度随着溪床坡度之变化规律 ,以及其纵剖面泥沙体积浓度沿着水深的分布特性。经采用其他研究者渠槽试验资料进行检定及验证后发现 ,当系数 ξ=0 .1 时 ,本研究所提出泥石流平衡泥沙体积浓度之半经验公式 ,不仅可模拟泥石流先端部泥沙体积浓度随着溪床坡度之变化趋势 ,亦可适于推估不同溪床坡度下之泥石流整体平均泥沙体积浓度。同时 ,本研究也应用最大熵原理及平衡泥沙体积浓度半经验公式 ,导出了纵剖面泥沙体积浓度分布之理论公式 ,经Tsubaki实测资料验证结果显示 ,本文模式可以掌握纵剖面泥沙体积浓度之分布趋势而优于Tsubaki及Chen两研究者之理论公式。     

河流相储集体的精细解释与描述

河流相油气藏是我国石油勘探的主要目标之一。它的特点是储集体孔渗性好、埋深小、产量高、分布广，但河道变化频繁、相带也不稳定，给精细解释带来困难。为此，本文对河流相储集体的精细解释与描述方法开展了集中研究，并取得了一定的地质效果。首先制作河流相储集体的三维理论模型，研究该类油藏的基本特征；在此基础上，以LHK实际资料为例，分析该区河流相油藏的频带分布，提取能反映目的层频率特征的20Hz分频数据体，进行古河道的分频解释；采用抗噪性和分辨率较高的第三代相干体解释目标层段的多个河道砂体；探索用复合属性来研究地质体的可能性，并提出一种新的地震属性——级联属性，即以原始数据体中提取的地震属性为基础，从中再提取新的相关地震属性，更有利于改善显示效果。     

城陵矶洪水位抬高原因分析

近50年来城陵矶站年最高洪水位累计抬高了约1.5m，通过一维非恒定流数学模型研究说明，城陵矶至汉口河段淤积只抬高了洪水位约0.2～0.3m，不是城陵矶洪水位抬高的主要因素。通过理论探讨和实测资料分析说明，由于洞庭湖容积减小等因素影响，近50年来螺山水文站年最大日平均流量累计增大了约7000m3/s，抬高洪水位约1.2m，是洞庭湖区洪水频率增加和城陵矶洪水位抬高的主要因素，在制定长江中游和洞庭湖区防洪规划时应加以考虑。     

Morphology effect on water sorption behavior in a thermoplastic modified epoxy resin system

Water sorption behavior in polyetherimide (PEI) modified diglycidyl ether bisphenol-A/4,4′-diaminodiphenyl sulfone (DGEBA/DDS) systems was investigated by gravimetric analysis, positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The equilibrium water uptake showed strong composition-dependent, which suggested that hydrophilic groups rather than free volume were more significant in determining ultimate water sorption. While besides the number of hydrophilic groups and fractional free volume, morphology induced by phase separation was another key factor that decided the value of diffusion coefficient, which was chiefly responsible for the anomalous diffusion behavior observed at the beginning of co-continuous phase. In addition, morphology not only had the function of decreasing fractional free volume, but also changed the number of hydrophilic groups in epoxy rich regions, which obviously distinguished water sorption behavior in the blends from that in single component systems.     

非对接分区结构网格中的数值计算方法

利用有限体积方法在非正交网格系统中建立了非对接分区结构网格数值求解模型,给出了分区结构风格交界面的数据结构形式及数值计算方法,采用SIMPLE算法编制了计算程序;对后台阶绕流进行二分区流场计算,并与实验结果比较,具有很好的一致性;同时对无限流场中和非对称平板间的圆柱绕流进行了分区计算。结果表明,本文建立的分区交界面数值计算模型是可靠的,可用于处理几何形状复杂的流场模拟。     

考虑环流横向输沙及河岸变形的平面二维扩展数学模型

本文考虑弯道环流输沙效应，在泥沙运动基本方程中增加了反映环流横向输沙附加项，对平面二维水沙数学模型的悬移质、推移质输沙方程和河床变形过程进行了扩展。借助土力学中关于边坡稳定性理论中的圆弧滑动法，并引入多杈树搜索方法，建立了适用于平面二维数学模型的河岸崩塌变形计算方法。经扩展后的平面二维水沙数学模型能模拟环流横向输沙及由其引起的河床冲淤和河岸变形，并应用该模型模拟了弯道发生、发展过程，计算结果与已有的认识是一致的。     

Sulfonated polyetherketone （SPEK-C） films investigated by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy

The characterization of sulfonated polyetherketone （SPEK-C） films was investigated by using positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy （PALS） and atomic force microscopy （AFM）. It was found that free volume radius and intensity depend on the variation of sulfonation degree and solvent evaporation time of the films. Pore size and distribution determined from PALS and AFM measurements showed reasonable agreement.     

Prediction of Austenitization and Homogenization of Q235 Plain Carbon Steel during Reheating Process

In this paper,the austenitization and homogenization process of Q235 plain carbon steel during reheating is predicted using a two-dimensional model which has been developed for the prediction of diffusive phase transformation(e,g.αto γ).The diffusion equations are solved within each phase(αand γ) and an explicit finite volume technique formulated for a regular hexagonal grid are used.The discrete interface is represented by special volume elements α/γ,an volume element α undergoes a transition to an interface state before it becomes γ.The procedure allows us to handle the displacement of theinterface while respecting the flux condition at the interface.The simulated microstructure shows the dissolution of ferrite particles in the austenite matrix is presented at different stages of the phase transflrmation.Specifically,the influence of the microstructure scale and the hwating rate on the phase transformation kinetics has been investigated.The experimental results agree well with the simulated ones.     

FORECASTING GLOBAL ICE VOLUME

Abstract. Forecasts and associated probability limits of total ice volume for the next 100 000 years are found based upon a historical record of 440 000 years of oxygen-18 from deep sea cores. The forecasts are found using two different time series models, one based on the assumption that ice volume contains deterministic sinusoids, and one assuming that the record contains 'disturbed periodicities', i.e. the sinusoids do not have the same cycle length and amplitude from one cycle to another. The results for the two models are seen to be very similar, with both predicting a small probability for a future ice volume event to be as large as the last ice age, which was one of the largest glaciations of the last 2 million years.